ISO 21945-2020 pdf free.Solid biofuels — Simplified samplingmethod for small scale applications.
1.This document describes simplified methods for taking samples of solid biofuels in small scaleapplications and storages including preparation of sampling plans and reports.The main focus is onstorages with a size of ≤100 t. This document is applicable to the following solid biofuels:
1) fine (up to about 10 mm nominal top size) and regularly-shaped particulate materials that can be sampled using a scoop or pipe, e.g. sawdust, olive stones and wood pellets;
2) coarse or irregularly-shaped particulate materials (up to 200 mm nominal top size) that can be sampled using a fork or shovel, e.g. wood chips, hog fuel and nut shells;
3) large pieces (above 200 mm nominal top size) which are picked manually (e.g. firewood and briquettes).
This document can also be used for other solid biofuels not listed above if the procedures described inthis document are applicable. This document specifies methods to be used, for example, when a sampleis to be tested for moisture content, ash content, calorific value, bulk density, mechanical durability,particle size distribution, ash melting behaviour and chemical composition.
Additionally, it describes a method for the reduction of sample size and defines requirements onhandling and storage of samples.
NOTE1 lf higher precision of analytical results is needed or when in doubt if this document is applicableISO 18135 can be used. Using the number of increments given in this document the resulting precision foranalytical results can be estimated with the formulas given in ISO 18135.
NOTE2 Pellets can generate CO and CO, off gasses by nature. If pellets are sampled, check for C0 and CO, and0, levels prior and during the sample taking process in a confined space like a container, silo or shed and haveanother person standby at the entrance.
2.Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their contentconstitutes requirements of this document. For dated references,only the edition cited applies. Forundated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.The main principle of sampling is to obtain (a) representative sample(s) from the whole lot concerned.Every particle in the lot or sub-lot to be represented by the sample should have an equal probability ofbeing included in the sample.In order to do so a sampling plan is needed.Figure 1 shows the main stepsof a sampling procedure.Under certain circumstances (e.g.certain construction types of built in storages, silos or containers)representative sampling might not be possible.ISO 21945 pdf download.