IEC 61000-4-36-2020 pdf free download Testing and measurement techniques – IEMI immunity test methods for equipment and systems

07-13-2021 comment

IEC 61000-4-36-2020 pdf free download.Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-36: Testing and measurement techniques – IEMI immunity test methods for equipment and systems.
The use of electromagnetic sources to generate intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI) is of increasing concern as the reliance of society on technology increases significantly. Many technical papers have been published that show the effects of IEMI are cause for concern; they are summarised in 11]. A summary of failure mechanisms at equipment level is provided in Annex A.
IEMI can be included within the set of HPEM environments, which also include high-intensity radiated fields (HIRFs) generated by radio and radar systems, lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) and electrostatic discharge (ESD).
The IEC defines IEMI (see 3.116) as “intentional malicious generation of electromagnetic energy introducing noise or signals into electric and electronic systems. thus disrupting. confusing or damaging these systems for terrorist or criminal purposes”.
Within this definition it is possible to also include jammers, which are designed to overload antenna receiver circuits (front doors) by operating at or close to the victim receiver frequency of operation. Jammers typically require low power to operate due to the fact that receivers are designed to operate at very low power levels (nW or less). More information on the issue of jammers can be found in Annex G.
This document complements IEC 61000-4-25 121, which deals with high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) immunity test methods for equipment and systems.
5 IEMI environments and interaction
5.1 General
There are many types of sources which are capable of generating electromagnetic environments potentially causing intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI). IEC 61000-2- 13 (3J discusses the various environments that can be generated and categorises them in terms of time characteristics, frequency range and bandratio. Further details and actual examples are included within Annex B.
A key requirement of developing IEMI test methods and test levels is to achieve a good understanding of the environment in which the victim equipment or system will be required to operate. Within this document specific focus is provided for victim equipment that is integrated within a site or other fixed installation and it is generally assumed that such equipment is housed within a building.
IEMI phenomena are unlike other EMC standardised phenomena where assumptions can be made about the general or average disturbance level arriving at victim equipment ports. Important parameters related to the IEMI interaction with victim systems which will affect the test level include:
a) IEMI source parameters
1) frequency range of the source.
2) peak and average power of the source
3) pulse width, pulse repetition frequency, burst length of the source,
4) source mobility,
5) technical complexity of the source,
6) antenna characteristics and/or conducted injection method characteristics
b) the protection level of the equipment, system or installation
1) the range or distance between the IEMI source and the victim electronics.
2) the propagation channel loss including the properties of the intervening barriers (attenuation and absorption).
Once these characteristics of the IEMI source and environment are well understood, then appropriate test methods and test levels for ports on the victim equipment can be determined.IEC 61000-4-36 pdf free download.

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